Here are some ways to format chart axes (x and y) in Excel for better readability:

Formatting Axis Labels:

* Clarity: Ensure labels are clear and concise. Avoid abbreviations viewers might not understand.
* Orientation: For long labels, consider rotating them for better readability.
* Number Formatting: For numerical axes, use appropriate number formats (e.g., commas for thousands, decimals for fractions).
* Text Wrapping: If labels are overflowing, enable text wrapping to display all information within the axis.
* Font Size and Color: Choose a font size and color that's easy to read against the chart background.

Scaling the Axis:

* Appropriate Range: Set a scale that encompasses all your data points without unnecessary gaps or clipping.
* Major and Minor Units: Adjust major and minor unit intervals to provide enough detail without overwhelming the viewer. For example, for monthly data, major units could be months, and minor units could be weeks.
* Zoom Control: Consider adding zoom functionality if your data range is vast.

Axis Titles:

* Clear and Descriptive: Give your axes clear and descriptive titles that reflect the data being represented.

Gridlines:

* Clarity vs. Clutter: Gridlines can enhance readability, but too many can clutter the chart. Use major gridlines for better visual separation and avoid minor gridlines if unnecessary.
* Color and Style: Choose gridline color and style that complements your chart design and doesn't overpower the data points.

Additional Tips:

* Alignment: Align axis labels consistently (e.g., all at the center or bottom for the x-axis).
* Chart Type: Consider if the chosen chart type is optimal for presenting your data clearly. Sometimes, a different chart type might improve readability.
* Legend: Ensure the legend is clear and positioned outside the data area to avoid overlapping data points.

By following these tips and experimenting with the formatting options available in Excel, you can create chart axes that effectively communicate your data and enhance the overall visual impact of your charts.