Unfortunately, Excel doesn't have a built-in option to directly filter data based solely on the background color of a cell. However, there are a couple of workarounds you can use to achieve a similar result:

Workaround 1: Using a Helper Column and Conditional Formatting

1. Add a Helper Column: Insert a new column next to your data. In this column, you can use a formula to identify the background color of the corresponding cell in your data range.
2. Conditional Formatting Formula: Here's an example formula you can use in the helper column (adjust cell references as needed):

```excel
=IF(A1=B$1,"Color1",IF(A1=C$1,"Color2", "Other"))
```

- Replace `A1` with the cell reference in your data column you want to filter by color.
- Replace `B$1` and `C$1` with the cell references containing the two specific background colors you want to filter for (use absolute references with $).
- Replace `"Color1"` and `"Color2"` with the text labels you want to identify the colors (you can customize these).
- This formula checks if the background color of the cell in your data column (A1 in this case) matches the colors in cells B1 and C1. If there's a match, it displays "Color1" or "Color2" in the helper column, otherwise it displays "Other".

3. Apply Conditional Formatting to the Helper Column: Apply conditional formatting to the helper column to visually distinguish between the color matches and "Other" values. You can use different fill colors for easier identification.
4. Filter by Text in Helper Column: Finally, you can filter your data based on the text values ("Color1", "Color2", or "Other") in the helper column. This will indirectly filter your data based on the background color of the corresponding cells in your data range.

Workaround 2: Using VBA (For Advanced Users)

You can write a VBA macro to loop through your data and filter based on the background color. This method requires knowledge of VBA programming in Excel.

Both methods have their pros and cons. The first workaround is easier to implement but requires additional space for the helper column. The VBA method offers more flexibility but has a higher learning curve. Choose the approach that best suits your comfort level and spreadsheet structure.