Excel allows you to create PivotTables to summarize and analyze your data. Calculated members take this a step further by letting you define custom calculations within the PivotTable itself. Here's how to create PivotTables with calculated members:

1. Create a PivotTable:

- Start by highlighting the data range you want to analyze.
- Go to the "Insert" tab and click "PivotTable."
- Choose where you want to place the PivotTable report (new worksheet or existing one).

2. Build the Basic PivotTable Layout:

- In the PivotTable Fields pane, drag the fields you want to use as rows, columns, values, or filters.
- This will define the basic structure of your PivotTable.

3. Create a Calculated Member:

There are two main ways to create calculated members:

Method A: Using Calculated Fields (for Simple Calculations):

1. Click anywhere within the PivotTable.
2. Go to the "Analyze" tab and navigate to the "Calculations" group.
3. Click "Fields, Items, & Sets" and then choose "Calculated Field."
4. In the "Name" box, type a clear and descriptive name for your calculated member.
5. In the "Formula" box, enter the formula using DAX (Data Analysis Expressions) syntax. You can use existing fields from your PivotTable or other calculations.
6. Click "OK" to add the calculated member.

Method B: Using Calculated Items (for More Complex Scenarios):

1. Click on a field within the PivotTable where you want to create the calculated member (usually a hierarchy).
2. Go to the "Analyze" tab and navigate to the "Calculations" group.
3. Click "Fields, Items, & Sets" and then choose "Calculated Item."
4. In the "Name" box, type a clear and descriptive name for your calculated member.
5. In the "Parent Hierarchy" section, choose the existing hierarchy where your calculated member will reside.
6. In the "Formula" box, enter the DAX formula defining your calculation.
7. Click "OK" to add the calculated member.

4. Use the Calculated Member:

- Once created, your calculated member will appear within the appropriate section of your PivotTable (rows, columns, or filters).
- You can treat it like any other member and include it in your analysis.

Here are some additional points to remember:

* DAX syntax can be complex, so it's helpful to have some familiarity with it before creating advanced calculated members.
* You can find resources online or within Excel itself to help you learn DAX functions and formulas.
* Calculated members are dynamic and will update automatically when the underlying data in your PivotTable changes.

By creating calculated members, you can extend the functionality of your PivotTables and gain deeper insights from your data.